Hand and wrist

Introduction A boutonnière deformity can impact the index, middle, ring, and little fingers, often stemming from tendon injury at the middle joint (the proximal interphalangeal, or PIP joint). Causes include trauma like lacerations or dislocations or soft tissue damage from conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. This leads to a flexed PIP

Carpal Boss   Summary Carpal bossing is a benign condition characterised by a bony prominence overlying the dorsal aspect of the carpometacarpal joints, typically the second and third. This can be idiopathic, or can occur as a result of previous injury to or degenerative change of these joints. Presentation History