Hand and wrist.

Introduction Heat and cold therapy are two of the most commonly used treatments for pain relief, particularly when dealing with arm pain. Both therapies offer unique benefits, and when used appropriately, they can significantly enhance recovery and reduce discomfort. This article delves into how these therapies work, their proper application,

Definition The Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC) is a crucial structure on the ulnar side of the wrist with several important roles: Extending the gliding surface of the radiocarpal joint Cushioning and stabilizing the ulnar carpus Stabilizing the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) Injuries to the TFCC can cause ulnar-sided wrist pain,

Definition An Essex-Lopresti injury, or longitudinal radioulnar dissociation (LRUD), occurs when a violent compressive load to the wrist results in a triad of injuries: disruption of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ), tear of the interosseous ligament complex (IOLC), and fracture of the radial head. Anatomy Pathogenesis Natural History Patient History

What is Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) Reconstruction? UCL reconstruction is a surgical procedure to repair the ulnar collateral ligament, a key stabiliser on the inner side of the elbow. This ligament is crucial for elbow stability, particularly in athletes who perform overhead motions. The surgery primarily focuses on reconstructing the

What are Metacarpal Fractures? Metacarpal fractures refer to breaks in the bones of the hand that form the base of the fingers. These fractures can occur at the base, shaft, neck, or head of the metacarpals, leading to issues like shortening, rotation, or angulation of the bone. Since the metacarpals

Lunotriquetral injury is far more rare than scapholunate ligament injury. Presentation History Distinguishing between a recent acute traumatic injury and a degenerative pathology is essential. Is there a history of acute trauma? What was the mechanism? Are there any other injuries (e.g. elbow/forearm) If nontraumatic, can the patient recall any

Base of Thumb Fractures   Case 35 year old male comes in after a fall whilst playing contact sport. He has pain and deformity to the thumb with gross swelling and bruising. Summary Thumb function constitutes 50% of overall hand function. Recognition, early diagnosis and treatment generally result in better