Scapula Body and Glenoid Fossa Fractures

Overview:

Scapular fractures are rare and usually result from high-energy trauma. While most can be managed without surgery, certain fractures require surgical fixation to ensure proper healing and function.

What are Scapula and Glenoid Fossa Fractures?

  • Scapula: The shoulder blade, a flat bone connecting the upper arm to the collarbone.
  • Glenoid Fossa: The part of the scapula that forms the socket for the shoulder joint.
Causes of Scapula and Glenoid Fossa Fractures:
  • High-Energy Trauma: Car accidents, motorcycle crashes, or falls from height.
  • Direct Impact: A heavy blow to the shoulder.

 

Symptoms:
  • Pain: Severe pain in the shoulder.
  • Swelling and Bruising: Visible swelling and bruising around the shoulder.
  • Limited Movement: Difficulty moving the arm.
Diagnosing Scapula and Glenoid Fossa Fractures:
  • Physical Examination: Checking for pain, swelling, and deformity.
  • Imaging:
    • X-rays: Standard views to see the fracture.
    • CT Scans: For detailed images, especially for surgical planning.
Types of Fractures:
  • Euler and Habermeyer Classification: Categorizes fractures based on their location and severity.

 

  • Ideberg Classification: Focuses on glenoid fractures with various extensions.

 

 

Treatment Options:
  1. Non-Surgical Management:
    • Suitable for most minimally displaced fractures.
    • Supportive Sling: To immobilize the arm.
    • Gradual Exercises: To restore movement and strength over 4-6 weeks.
  2. Surgical Management:
    • Needed for significantly displaced or unstable fractures.
    • Surgical Techniques: Various approaches to realign and fix the bones using plates and screws.
Possible Complications:
  • Infection: Risk after surgery.
  • Implant Issues: Problems with surgical hardware.
  • Non-Union: Bone fails to heal.
  • Malunion: Bone heals incorrectly.
Lessons Learned:
  • Thorough assessment and imaging are crucial.
  • Non-surgical treatment works for most minimally displaced fractures.
  • Surgery is necessary for significantly displaced or unstable fractures.
  • Post-operative rehabilitation and regular follow-up are essential for optimal outcomes.

 

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