Elbow arthroscopy is a keyhole procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions within the elbow joint, including removal of loose bodies, treatment of stiffness, and management of early arthritis.
Small incisions are made around the elbow. A camera (arthroscope) is inserted to view the joint. Depending on the findings, the surgeon may remove loose fragments of bone or cartilage, release tight capsule to improve movement, remove inflamed tissue, or smooth rough joint surfaces. The procedure usually takes 30–60 minutes.
Elbow arthroscopy may be recommended for removal of loose bodies causing catching or locking, treatment of elbow stiffness (arthroscopic arthrolysis), early osteoarthritis management, or evaluation of unexplained elbow symptoms that have not responded to non-operative treatment.
Physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medication, corticosteroid injections, and activity modification. For loose bodies that cause intermittent symptoms, observation may be appropriate.
Standard pre-assessment. This is typically a day-case procedure. You may need a sling for a few days afterwards.
Removal of loose bodies typically provides rapid symptom relief. Arthroscopic release for stiffness can significantly improve range of motion. For arthritis, the procedure may reduce pain and improve function, though it does not cure the underlying condition.
Expected around the elbow for the first one to two weeks.
The elbow may feel stiff initially, improving with exercises.
Important nerves pass close to the elbow. Temporary nerve irritation occurs in 1–2% of cases. Permanent injury is rare.
Approximately 1% risk of joint infection.
Arthroscopy may not resolve all symptoms, particularly in advanced arthritis.
Performed under general anaesthesia, usually with a regional arm block for post-operative pain relief.
Early movement is encouraged to prevent stiffness. A sling is used for comfort for a few days. Physiotherapy is usually started within the first week. Most patients return to normal activities within two to six weeks, depending on the procedure performed.
Wound check at two weeks. Surgeon review at six weeks. Physiotherapy as directed.
Removed loose bodies do not return, but new ones may form over time if there is ongoing arthritis.
Improvement is often immediate, but maintaining it requires dedicated exercise. Some patients use a continuous passive motion device.